षड्दर्शन

System of logic and epistemology. Establishes valid means of knowledge (pramāṇas) and rules of debate.

Atomistic ontology analyzing reality into categories (padārthas). Physics and metaphysics of the material world.

Dualistic metaphysics distinguishing Puruṣa (consciousness) and Prakṛti (matter). Enumerates 25 principles of reality.

Practical methodology for stilling the mind and attaining liberation. Sister school to Sāṃkhya, adding Īśvara (God).

Vedic hermeneutics and ritual philosophy. Pūrva Mīmāṃsā focuses on karma-kāṇḍa (ritual portion) of the Vedas.

Philosophy of the Upaniṣads. Uttara Mīmāṃsā focuses on jñāna-kāṇḍa (knowledge portion). Three main schools: Advaita, Viśiṣṭādvaita, Dvaita.