Chapter 12.69

Verse 1 View Details

पार्थिवेन विशेषेण किं कार्यमवशिष्यते । कथं रक्ष्यो जनपदः कथं रक्ष्याश्च शत्रवः ॥

Yudhishthira said 'What other special duties remain for the king to satisfy? How should he protect his kingdom and how vanquish his foes.

View Padaccheda

Verse 2 View Details

कथं चारं प्रयुञ्जीत वर्णान्विश्वासयेत्कथम् । कथं भृत्यान्कथं दारान्कथं पुत्रांश्च भारत ॥

How should he engage his spies? How should he create confidence in the four orders of his subjects, his own servants, wives, and sons, O Bharata?

View Padaccheda

Verse 3 View Details

राजवृत्तं महाराज शृणुष्वावहितोऽखिलम् । यत्कार्यं पार्थिवेनादौ पार्थिवप्रकृतेन वा ॥

Bhishma said 'Listen, O king, with attention to the various duties of kings,-to those acts which the king or one who is in his position should first do.

View Padaccheda

Verse 4 View Details

आत्मा जेयः सदा राज्ञा ततो जेयाश्च शत्रवः । अजितात्मा नरपतिर्विजयेत कथं रिपून् ॥

The king should first conquer himself and then try to subdue his enemies. He can a king who has not been able to conquer his own self be able to conquer his enemies?

View Padaccheda

Verse 5 View Details

एतावानात्मविजयः पञ्चवर्गविनिग्रहः । जितेन्द्रियो नरपतिर्बाधितुं शक्नुयादरीन् ॥

The conquest of these, viz., the five objects, is tantamount to the conquest of self. The king who has governed his senses is capable to resist his enemies.

View Padaccheda

Verse 6 View Details

न्यसेत गुल्मान्दुर्गेषु संधौ च कुरुनन्दन । नगरोपवने चैव पुरोद्यानेषु चैव ह ॥

He should place infantry in his forts, frontiers, towns, parks, and pleasure gardens, O delighter of the Kurus, as also, in all places where he himself goes, and within his own palace, O foremost of men.

View Padaccheda

Verse 7 View Details

संस्थानेषु च सर्वेषु पुरेषु नगरस्य च । मध्ये च नरशार्दूल तथा राजनिवेशने ॥

He should place infantry in his forts, frontiers, towns, parks, and pleasure gardens, O delighter of the Kurus, as also, in all places where he himself goes, and within his own palace, O foremost of men.

View Padaccheda

Verse 8 View Details

प्रणिधींश्च ततः कुर्याज्जडान्धबधिराकृतीन् । पुंसः परीक्षितान्प्राज्ञान्क्षुत्पिपासातपक्षमान् ॥

He should appoint as spies men looking like idiots or like those who are blind and deaf. These should all be well-tried persons who are endued with wisdom, and who are able to bear hunger and thirst.

View Padaccheda

Verse 9 View Details

अमात्येषु च सर्वेषु मित्रेषु त्रिविधेषु च । पुत्रेषु च महाराज प्रणिदध्यात्समाहितः ॥

With proper attention the king should engage his spies to watch the actions of all his counsellors and friends and sons, in his city and the provinces, and in the territories of feudatory chiefs. His spies should be so employed that they may not know one another.

View Padaccheda

Verse 10 View Details

पुरे जनपदे चैव तथा सामन्तराजसु । यथा न विद्युरन्योन्यं प्रणिधेयास्तथा हि ते ॥

With proper attention the king should engage his spies to watch the actions of all his counsellors and friends and sons, in his city and the provinces, and in the territories of feudatory chiefs. His spies should be so employed that they may not know one another.

View Padaccheda

पुरे | जनपदे | च + एव | तथा | सामन्त + राजन्
यथा | न | विद्युर् | अन्योन्यं | प्रणिधा + तथा | हि | ते

Verse 11 View Details

चारांश्च विद्यात्प्रहितान्परेण भरतर्षभ । आपणेषु विहारेषु समवायेषु भिक्षुषु ॥

He should also, O foremost of Bharatas, know the spies of his enemies by himself placing spies in shops and places of amusement, amid gatherings of people, among beggars, in his pleasure gardens and parks, in meetings and assemblages of the learned, in the country, in public places, in the court, and in the houses of the citizens.

View Padaccheda

Verse 12 View Details

आरामेषु तथोद्याने पण्डितानां समागमे । वेशेषु चत्वरे चैव सभास्वावसथेषु च ॥

View Padaccheda

Verse 13 View Details

एवं विहन्याच्चारेण परचारं विचक्षणः । चारेण विहतं सर्वं हतं भवति पाण्डव ॥

An intelligent king may thus ascertain the spies sent by his enemies. If these be known, the king may derive iinmense benefit, O son of Pandu.

View Padaccheda

Verse 14 View Details

यदा तु हीनं नृपतिर्विद्यादात्मानमात्मना । अमात्यैः सह संमन्त्र्य कुर्यात्संधिं बलीयसा ॥

When the king, after seeing everything finds himself weak, he should then, consulting with his ministers make peace with a stronger foe.

View Padaccheda

Verse 15 View Details

अज्ञायमानो हीनत्वे कुर्यात्संधिं परेण वै । लिप्सुर्वा कंचिदेवार्थं त्वरमाणो विचक्षणः ॥

The wise king should quickly make peace with enemies even when he knows that he is not weak, if he can derive any advantage out of it.

View Padaccheda

Verse 16 View Details

गुणवन्तो महोत्साहा धर्मज्ञाः साधवश्च ये । संदधीत नृपस्तैश्च राष्ट्रं धर्मेण पालयन् ॥

Engaged in protecting his kingdom piously the king should make peace with accomplished persons capable of great work, virtuous and honest.

View Padaccheda

Verse 17 View Details

उच्छिद्यमानमात्मानं ज्ञात्वा राजा महामतिः । पूर्वापकारिणो हन्याल्लोकद्विष्टांश्च सर्वशः ॥

When the king finds himself overtaken with danger and about to be ruined, he should kill all offenders whom he had overlooked before and all such persons as are marked out by the people.

View Padaccheda

Verse 18 View Details

यो नोपकर्तुं शक्नोति नापकर्तुं महीपतिः । अशक्यरूपश्चोद्धर्तुमुपेक्ष्यस्तादृशो भवेत् ॥

A king should not deal with a person who can neither benefit nor injure him, or with one who cannot save himself from distress,

View Padaccheda

Verse 19 View Details

यात्रां यायादविज्ञातमनाक्रन्दमनन्तरम् । व्यासक्तं च प्रमत्तं च दुर्बलं च विचक्षणः ॥

As regards military operations, a king, who knows his own strength, should, commanding a large army cheerfully and courageously give the order to march, without announcing his destination, against one shorn of allies and friends or already at war with another and hence careless or one weaker than himself, having first made arrangements for the protection of his own city.

View Padaccheda

Verse 20 View Details

यात्रामाज्ञापयेद्वीरः कल्यपुष्टबलः सुखी । पूर्वं कृत्वा विधानं च यात्रायां नगरे तथा ॥

As regards military operations, a king, who knows his own strength, should, commanding a large army cheerfully and courageously give the order to march, without announcing his destination, against one shorn of allies and friends or already at war with another and hence careless or one weaker than himself, having first made arrangements for the protection of his own city.

View Padaccheda

Verse 21 View Details

न च वश्यो भवेदस्य नृपो यद्यपि वीर्यवान् । हीनश्च बलवीर्याभ्यां कर्शयंस्तं परावसेत् ॥

A king should not for ever live under a more powerful king. Though weak, he should try to assail the stronger and resolved upon this continue to rule his own.

View Padaccheda

Verse 22 View Details

राष्ट्रं च पीडयेत्तस्य शस्त्राग्निविषमूर्छनैः । अमात्यवल्लभानां च विवादांस्तस्य कारयेत् । वर्जनीयं सदा युद्धं राज्यकामेन धीमता ॥

He should assail the kingdom of the stronger one by neans of weapons fire, and the administering of poison. He should also create dissensions amongst his ministers and servants.

View Padaccheda

Verse 23 View Details

उपायैस्त्रिभिरादानमर्थस्याह बृहस्पतिः । सान्त्वेनानुप्रदानेन भेदेन च नराधिप । यमर्थं शक्नुयात्प्राप्तुं तेन तुष्येद्धि पण्डितः ॥

The wise king should be satisfied with those acquisitions that are made by means of conciliation, gift, and dissension.

View Padaccheda

Verse 24 View Details

आददीत बलिं चैव प्रजाभ्यः कुरुनन्दन । षड्भागममितप्रज्ञस्तासामेवाभिगुप्तये ॥

The king, O delighter of the Kurus, should take a sixth of the incomes of his subjects as tribute for performing the duties of their protection.

View Padaccheda

Verse 25 View Details

दशधर्मगतेभ्यो यद्वसु बह्वल्पमेव च । तन्नाददीत सहसा पौराणां रक्षणाय वै ॥

He should also take away by force the wealth, much or little, of the ten sorts of offenders mentioned in the scriptures, for the protection of his subjects.

View Padaccheda

Verse 26 View Details

यथा पुत्रास्तथा पौरा द्रष्टव्यास्ते न संशयः । भक्तिश्चैषां प्रकर्तव्या व्यवहारे प्रदर्शिते ॥

A king should, forsooth, consider his subjects as his own children. In settling their disputes, however, he should not show any mercy.

View Padaccheda

Verse 27 View Details

सुतं च स्थापयेद्राजा प्राज्ञं सर्वार्थदर्शिनम् । व्यवहारेषु सततं तत्र राज्यं व्यवस्थितम् ॥

For hearing the charges and defences in judicial suits, the king should always appoint wise persons endued with a knowledge of worldly affairs, for the state really depends upon a proper administration of justice.

View Padaccheda

Verse 28 View Details

आकरे लवणे शुल्के तरे नागवने तथा । न्यसेदमात्यान्नृपतिः स्वाप्तान्वा पुरुषान्हितान् ॥

The king should appoint honest and trustworthy men to look after his mines, salt, grain, ferries, and elephant corps.

View Padaccheda

Verse 29 View Details

सम्यग्दण्डधरो नित्यं राजा धर्ममवाप्नुयात् । नृपस्य सततं दण्डः सम्यग्धर्मे प्रशस्यते ॥

The king, who always judiciously holds the rod of punishment, acquires great merit. The proper regulation of punishment is the great duty of kings and deserves great praise.

View Padaccheda

Verse 30 View Details

वेदवेदाङ्गवित्प्राज्ञः सुतपस्वी नृपो भवेत् । दानशीलश्च सततं यज्ञशीलश्च भारत ॥

The king should master the Vedas and their auxiliaries, be possessed of wisdom, engaged in penances, charitable, and devoted to the celebration of sacrifices.

View Padaccheda

Verse 31 View Details

एते गुणाः समस्ताः स्युर्नृपस्य सततं स्थिराः । क्रियालोपे तु नृपतेः कुतः स्वर्गः कुतो यशः ॥

All these qualities should always be in a king. If the king fails to administer justice, he can neither acquire heaven nor fame.

View Padaccheda

Verse 32 View Details

यदा तु पीडितो राजा भवेद्राज्ञा बलीयसा । त्रिधा त्वाक्रन्द्य मित्राणि विधानमुपकल्पयेत् ॥

View Padaccheda

Verse 33 View Details

घोषान्न्यसेत मार्गेषु ग्रामानुत्थापयेदपि । प्रवेशयेच्च तान्सर्वाञ्शाखानगरकेष्वपि ॥

He should place the inhabitants of the woods on the high roads, and, it, necessary, cause whole villages to be removed, removing all the inhabitants of minor towns or on the outskirts of great cities.

View Padaccheda

Verse 34 View Details

ये गुप्ताश्चैव दुर्गाश्च देशास्तेषु प्रवेशयेत् । धनिनो बलमुख्यांश्च सान्त्वयित्वा पुनः पुनः ॥

Giving repeated assurances to his wealthy subjects and the principal officers of the army, he should make the dwellers of the open country to take refuge in well-protected forts.

View Padaccheda

Verse 35 View Details

सस्याभिहारं कुर्याच्च स्वयमेव नराधिपः । असंभवे प्रवेशस्य दाहयेदग्निना भृशम् ॥

He should deposit all sorts of grain in his forts. If that is impossible, he should destroy them completely by fire.

View Padaccheda

Verse 36 View Details

क्षेत्रस्थेषु च सस्येषु शत्रोरुपजपेन्नरान् । विनाशयेद्वा सर्वस्वं बलेनाथ स्वकेन वै ॥

He should engage men for destroying the crops on the fields of the enemy. Failing to do this, he should destroy those crops to do this, he should destroy those crops by means of his own men.

View Padaccheda

Verse 37 View Details

नदीषु मार्गेषु सदा संक्रमानवसादयेत् । जलं निस्रावयेत्सर्वमनिस्राव्यं च दूषयेत् ॥

He should destroying all the bridges over the rivers in his kingdom. He should draw out the waters of all the tanks in his territories, or, if incapable to do so, cause them to be poisoned.

View Padaccheda

Verse 38 View Details

तदात्वेनायतीभिश्च विवदन्भूम्यनन्तरम् । प्रतीघातः परस्याजौ मित्रकालेऽप्युपस्थिते ॥

Disregarding the duty of protecting his friends, he should, considering present and future circumstances, seek the protection of another king who may happen to be the foe of his foe and who may be capable to fight with his enemy on the field of battle.

View Padaccheda

Verse 39 View Details

दुर्गाणां चाभितो राजा मूलच्छेदं प्रकारयेत् । सर्वेषां क्षुद्रवृक्षाणां चैत्यवृक्षान्विवर्जयेत् ॥

He should demolish all the minor forts in his kingdom. He should also cut down all the smaller trees except those called Chaitya.

View Padaccheda

Verse 40 View Details

प्रवृद्धानां च वृक्षाणां शाखाः प्रच्छेदयेत्तथा । चैत्यानां सर्वथा वर्ज्यमपि पत्रस्य पातनम् ॥

He should cause the branches of all large threes to be cut off, but he should not touch the very leaves of Chaitya ones.

View Padaccheda

Verse 41 View Details

प्रकण्ठीः कारयेत्सम्यगाकाशजननीस्तथा । आपूरयेच्च परिखाः स्थाणुनक्रझषाकुलाः ॥

He should erect outer ramparts round his forts, and fill his trenches with water, putting pointed stakes at their bottom and filling them with crocodiles and sharks.

View Padaccheda

Verse 42 View Details

कडङ्गद्वारकाणि स्युरुच्छ्वासार्थे पुरस्य ह । तेषां च द्वारवद्गुप्तिः कार्या सर्वात्मना भवेत् ॥

He should keep small outlets in his walls for firing guns from his fort, and carefully make arrangements for their defence like that of the greater gates.

View Padaccheda

Verse 43 View Details

द्वारेषु च गुरूण्येव यन्त्राणि स्थापयेत्सदा । आरोपयेच्छतघ्नीश्च स्वाधीनानि च कारयेत् ॥

In all his gates he should place destructive engines. He should place on ramparts Shataghnis and other weapons.

View Padaccheda

Verse 44 View Details

काष्ठानि चाभिहार्याणि तथा कूपांश्च खानयेत् । संशोधयेत्तथा कूपान्कृतान्पूर्वं पयोर्थिभिः ॥

He should lay by wood for fuel and dig and repair wells for supply of water to the garrison.

View Padaccheda

Verse 45 View Details

तृणच्छन्नानि वेश्मानि पङ्केनापि प्रलेपयेत् । निर्हरेच्च तृणं मासे चैत्रे वह्निभयात्पुरः ॥

He should have all houses made of grass and straw plastered over with mud, and if it is summer, he should, from fear of fire, collect in a safe place all the stores of grass and straw.

View Padaccheda

Verse 46 View Details

नक्तमेव च भक्तानि पाचयेत नराधिपः । न दिवाग्निर्ज्वलेद्गेहे वर्जयित्वाग्निहोत्रिकम् ॥

He should order all food to be cooked at night. No fire should be lighted during the day, except for the daily Homa.

View Padaccheda

Verse 47 View Details

कर्मारारिष्टशालासु ज्वलेदग्निः समाहितः । गृहाणि च प्रविश्याथ विधेयः स्याद्धुताशनः ॥

Particular care should be taken of the fires lighted in smitheries and lying-in chambers. Fires in the houses of the inhabitants should be well covered.

View Padaccheda

Verse 48 View Details

महादण्डश्च तस्य स्याद्यस्याग्निर्वै दिवा भवेत् । प्रघोषयेदथैवं च रक्षणार्थं पुरस्य वै ॥

For the better protection of the city, it should be announced that a person, lighting fires in the day time, will be sufficiently punished.

View Padaccheda

Verse 49 View Details

भिक्षुकांश्चाक्रिकांश्चैव क्षीबोन्मत्तान्कुशीलवान् । बाह्यान्कुर्यान्नरश्रेष्ठ दोषाय स्युर्हि तेऽन्यथा ॥

During such times, all beggars, cartmen, eunuchs, lunatics, should, O foremost of men, be driven out of the town, for if they are allowed to remain, evil will come.

View Padaccheda

Verse 50 View Details

चत्वरेषु च तीर्थेषु सभास्वावसथेषु च । यथार्हवर्णं प्रणिधिं कुर्यात्सर्वत्र पार्थिवः ॥

In places of public resort, in Tirthas, in assemblies and in the houses of the citizens, the king should keep capable spies.

View Padaccheda

Verse 51 View Details

विशालान्राजमार्गांश्च कारयेत नराधिपः । प्रपाश्च विपणीश्चैव यथोद्देशं समादिशेत् ॥

The king should have wide roads constructed, and open up shops, and places for the distribution of water, at proper stations.

View Padaccheda

Verse 52 View Details

भाण्डागारायुधागारान्धान्यागारांश्च सर्वशः । अश्वागारान्गजागारान्बलाधिकरणानि च ॥

View Padaccheda

Verse 53 View Details

परिखाश्चैव कौरव्य प्रतोलीः संकटानि च । न जातु कश्चित्पश्येत्तु गुह्यमेतद्युधिष्ठिर ॥

View Padaccheda

Verse 54 View Details

अथ संनिचयं कुर्याद्राजा परबलार्दितः । तैलं मधु घृतं सस्यमौषधानि च सर्वशः ॥

A king, who is attacked by a hostile army, should collect wealth, and store oil and fat and honey, and clarified butter, and medicines of all sorts,

View Padaccheda

Verse 55 View Details

अङ्गारकुशमुञ्जानां पलाशशरपर्णिनाम् । यवसेन्धनदिग्धानां कारयेत च संचयान् ॥

And charcoal and munja grass, leaves, arrows, scribes and draftsmen, grass, fuel, poisoned arrows, weapons of all sorts such as darts, swords, lances and others, The king should store such articles.

View Padaccheda

अङ्गार + कुश + मुञ्ज | पलाश + शर + पर्णिन्
यवस + इन्धन + दिह् | कारयेत | च | संचयान्

Verse 56 View Details

आयुधानां च सर्वेषां शक्त्यृष्टिप्रासवर्मणाम् । संचयानेवमादीनां कारयेत नराधिपः ॥

And charcoal and munja grass, leaves, arrows, scribes and draftsmen, grass, fuel, poisoned arrows, weapons of all sorts such as darts, swords, lances and others, The king should store such articles.

View Padaccheda

Verse 57 View Details

औषधानि च सर्वाणि मूलानि च फलानि च । चतुर्विधांश्च वैद्यान्वै संगृह्णीयाद्विशेषतः ॥

He should especially keep ready various drugs, roots and fruits, the four kinds of physicians, actors and dancers, athletes, and persons capable of assuming various disguises. He should adorn his capital and please all his subjects.

View Padaccheda

Verse 58 View Details

नटाश्च नर्तकाश्चैव मल्ला मायाविनस्तथा । शोभयेयुः पुरवरं मोदयेयुश्च सर्वशः ॥

He should especially keep ready various drugs, roots and fruits, the four kinds of physicians, actors and dancers, athletes, and persons capable of assuming various disguises. He should adorn his capital and please all his subjects.

View Padaccheda

Verse 59 View Details

यतः शङ्का भवेच्चापि भृत्यतो वापि मन्त्रितः । पौरेभ्यो नृपतेर्वापि स्वाधीनान्कारयेत तान् ॥

The king should speedily subjugate such persons as may cause fear, be they his servants or counsellors or citizens or neighbouring kings.

View Padaccheda

Verse 60 View Details

कृते कर्मणि राजेन्द्र पूजयेद्धनसंचयैः । मानेन च यथार्हेण सान्त्वेन विविधेन च ॥

Whenever any of his work is done the king should reward those who have helped in its accomplishment with wealth and other becoming presents and grateful speeches.

View Padaccheda

Verse 61 View Details

निर्वेदयित्वा तु परं हत्वा वा कुरुनन्दन । गतानृण्यो भवेद्राजा यथा शास्त्रेषु दर्शितम् ॥

It has been laid down in the scriptures, O delighter of the Kurus, that a king satisfies his debt when he defeats his foe or kills him at once.

View Padaccheda

Verse 62 View Details

राज्ञा सप्तैव रक्ष्याणि तानि चापि निबोध मे । आत्मामात्यश्च कोशश्च दण्डो मित्राणि चैव हि ॥

A king should take care of seven things. Listen to me as I name them. They are his own self, his ministers, his treasury, his servants for inflicting punishments, his friends, his provinces, and his capital. He should carefully protect his kingdom consisting of these seven limbs.

View Padaccheda

Verse 63 View Details

तथा जनपदश्चैव पुरं च कुरुनन्दन । एतत्सप्तात्मकं राज्यं परिपाल्यं प्रयत्नतः ॥

A king should take care of seven things. Listen to me as I name them. They are his own self, his ministers, his treasury, his servants for inflicting punishments, his friends, his provinces, and his capital. He should carefully protect his kingdom consisting of these seven limbs.

View Padaccheda

Verse 64 View Details

षाड्गुण्यं च त्रिवर्गं च त्रिवर्गमपरं तथा । यो वेत्ति पुरुषव्याघ्र स भुनक्ति महीमिमाम् ॥

That king, O foremost of man, who is conversant with the collection of six and three objects, and the high collection of three, gains the sovereignty of the whole Earth.

View Padaccheda

Verse 65 View Details

षाड्गुण्यमिति यत्प्रोक्तं तन्निबोध युधिष्ठिर । संधायासनमित्येव यात्रासंधानमेव च ॥

Hear, O Yudhishthira, what is called the aggregate of six. They are ruling peacefully after making a treaty (with the foe), marching to battle, creating disunion among the enemy, concentration of army for filling the enemy with fear, preparation for war with readiness for peace, and alliances with others.

View Padaccheda

Verse 66 View Details

विगृह्यासनमित्येव यात्रां संपरिगृह्य च । द्वैधीभावस्तथान्येषां संश्रयोऽथ परस्य च ॥

Hear, O Yudhishthira, what is called the aggregate of six. They are ruling peacefully after making a treaty (with the foe), marching to battle, creating disunion among the enemy, concentration of army for filling the enemy with fear, preparation for war with readiness for peace, and alliances with others.

View Padaccheda

Verse 67 View Details

त्रिवर्गश्चापि यः प्रोक्तस्तमिहैकमनाः शृणु । क्षयः स्थानं च वृद्धिश्च त्रिवर्गमपरं तथा ॥

Listen now with attention to what are the triple objects. They are decrease, maintenance of what is, and growth. The great three fold objects consist of religion, Profit and Pleasure. These should be followed judiciously. By the help of religion a king succeeds in ruling the Earth for ever.

View Padaccheda

Verse 68 View Details

धर्मश्चार्थश्च कामश्च सेवितव्योऽथ कालतः । धर्मेण हि महीपालश्चिरं पालयते महीम् ॥

Listen now with attention to what are the triple objects. They are decrease, maintenance of what is, and growth. The great three fold objects consist of religion, Profit and Pleasure. These should be followed judiciously. By the help of religion a king succeeds in ruling the Earth for ever.

View Padaccheda

Verse 69 View Details

अस्मिन्नर्थे च यौ श्लोकौ गीतावङ्गिरसा स्वयम् । यादवीपुत्र भद्रं ते श्रोतुमर्हसि तावपि ॥

Regarding this matter, Angirasa's son Brihaspati himself has recited two verses. Blessed be you, O son of Devaki, you should

View Padaccheda

Verse 70 View Details

कृत्वा सर्वाणि कार्याणि सम्यक्संपाल्य मेदिनीम् । पालयित्वा तथा पौरान्परत्र सुखमेधते ॥

'Having satisfied all his duties and having protected the Earth, and having also protected the cities, a king enjoys great happiness in heaven.

View Padaccheda

Verse 71 View Details

किं तस्य तपसा राज्ञः किं च तस्याध्वरैरपि । अपालिताः प्रजा यस्य सर्वा धर्मविनाकृताः ॥

Of what use are penances to that king, and what need has he of sacrifices who protects his people properly? Such a king should be known as one conversant with every virtue.

View Padaccheda

Mahābhārata Reader

Navigate to Verse

Search Mahābhārata

More Options

Navigate to Verse

Search Mahābhārata

Chapter 12.69

Loading...

More Options