Chapter 12.291

Verse 1 View Details

किं तदक्षरमित्युक्तं यस्मान्नावर्तते पुनः । किं च तत्क्षरमित्युक्तं यस्मादावर्तते पुनः ॥

What is that which is called Undecaying and by acquiring which no one has to return? What, again, is that which is called Decaying, and by acquiring which one has to return once more?

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Verse 2 View Details

अक्षरक्षरयोर्व्यक्तिमिच्छाम्यरिनिषूदन । उपलब्धुं महाबाहो तत्त्वेन कुरुनन्दन ॥

O destroyer of enemies, I ask you the distinction that exists, O you of mighty arms, between the Decaying and the Undecaying ones for understanding them both truly, O delighter of the Kurus.

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Verse 3 View Details

त्वं हि ज्ञाननिधिर्विप्रैरुच्यसे वेदपारगैः । ऋषिभिश्च महाभागैर्यतिभिश्च महात्मभिः ॥

Brahmans conversant with the Vedas, speak of you as on Ocean of knowledge. Highly blessed Rishis and Yatis of great souls do the Salme.

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Verse 4 View Details

शेषमल्पं दिनानां ते दक्षिणायनभास्करे । आवृत्ते भगवत्यर्के गन्तासि परमां गतिम् ॥

You have very few days to live. When the Sun turns from his southern solstice for entering into the northern, you will attain to your high end.

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Verse 5 View Details

त्वयि प्रतिगते श्रेयः कुतः श्रोष्यामहे वयम् । कुरुवंशप्रदीपस्त्वं ज्ञानद्रव्येण दीप्यसे ॥

When you will leave us, from whom shall we hear of all that is wholesome for us? You are the lamp of Kuru's race. Indeed, you are always shining with the light of knowledge.

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Verse 6 View Details

तदेतच्छ्रोतुमिच्छामि त्वत्तः कुरुकुलोद्वह । न तृप्यामीह राजेन्द्र शृण्वन्नमृतमीदृशम् ॥

O perpetuator of Kuru's race, I wish, therefore, to hear all this from you. Listening to your discourses which are always sweet like nectar, my curiosity, without being satiated, is always increasing.

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Verse 7 View Details

अत्र ते वर्तयिष्येऽहमितिहासं पुरातनम् । वसिष्ठस्य च संवादं करालजनकस्य च ॥

Bhishma said Regarding it I shall recite to you an old narrative, O Yudhishthira, of the discourse between the Sadhyas and a Swan.

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Verse 8 View Details

वसिष्ठं श्रेष्ठमासीनमृषीणां भास्करद्युतिम् । पप्रच्छ जनको राजा ज्ञानं नैःश्रेयसं परम् ॥

Once on a time when that foremost of Rishis, viz., Vashishtha, effulgent like the Sun, was seated at his ease, king Janaka asked him about that highest knowledge which is for our supreme behoof.

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Verse 9 View Details

परमध्यात्मकुशलमध्यात्मगतिनिश्चयम् । मैत्रावरुणिमासीनमभिवाद्य कृताञ्जलिः ॥

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Verse 10 View Details

स्वक्षरं प्रश्रितं वाक्यं मधुरं चाप्यनुल्बणम् । पप्रच्छर्षिवरं राजा करालजनकः पुरा ॥

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Verse 11 View Details

भगवञ्श्रोतुमिच्छामि परं ब्रह्म सनातनम् । यस्मान्न पुनरावृत्तिमाप्नुवन्ति मनीषिणः ॥

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Verse 12 View Details

यच्च तत्क्षरमित्युक्तं यत्रेदं क्षरते जगत् । यच्चाक्षरमिति प्रोक्तं शिवं क्षेम्यमनामयम् ॥

I wish also to know that which is called Destructible and That into which this universe goes when destroyed. Indeed, what is That which is said to be indestructible. Auspicious, wholesome and free from all sorts of evil.

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Verse 13 View Details

श्रूयतां पृथिवीपाल क्षरतीदं यथा जगत् । यन्न क्षरति पूर्वेण यावत्कालेन चाप्यथ ॥

Hear, O king, as to how this universe is destroyed, and of That which was never destroyed and which will never be destroyed at any time.

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Verse 14 View Details

युगं द्वादशसाहस्रं कल्पं विद्धि चतुर्गुणम् । दशकल्पशतावृत्तं तदहर्ब्राह्ममुच्यते । रात्रिश्चैतावती राजन्यस्यान्ते प्रतिबुध्यते ॥

Twelve thousand years make a cycle. Four such cycles, taken a thousand times, make a Kalpa which measures one day of Brahman.

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Verse 15 View Details

सृजत्यनन्तकर्माणं महान्तं भूतमग्रजम् । मूर्तिमन्तममूर्तात्मा विश्वं शंभुः स्वयंभुवः । अणिमा लघिमा प्राप्तिरीशानं ज्योतिरव्ययम् ॥

Brahman's night also, O king, is of the same measure. When Brahman himself is destroyed, Shambhu of formless soul and to whom the Yoga attributes of lightness, heaviness, etc., naturally stick, awakes, and once more creates that First of all creatures, possessed of huge proportions, of infinite deeds, endued with form, and at one with the universe. That Shambhu is otherwise called Ishana. He is pure Effulgence, and is above all decay, having his hands and feet stretching on all sides with eyes and head and mouth cverywhere, and with ears also in every place. That Being exists, possessing the entire universe.

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Verse 16 View Details

सर्वतःपाणिपादान्तं सर्वतोक्षिशिरोमुखम् । सर्वतःश्रुतिमल्लोके सर्वमावृत्य तिष्ठति ॥

His hands and feet extend over every part his eyes and head and face are everywhere, his reach every places, and he exists possessing all things.

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Verse 17 View Details

हिरण्यगर्भो भगवानेष बुद्धिरिति स्मृतः । महानिति च योगेषु विरिञ्च इति चाप्युत ॥

The eldest-born Being is called Hiranyagarbha. This holy one has been called the Understanding. In the Yoga scriptures, He is called the Great, and Virinchi, and the Unborn.

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हिरण्यगर्भो | भगवान् | एष | बुद्धिर् | इति | स्मृतः
महान् | इति | च | योगेषु | विरिञ्च | इति | च + अपि + उत

Verse 18 View Details

सांख्ये च पठ्यते शास्त्रे नामभिर्बहुधात्मकः । विचित्ररूपो विश्वात्मा एकाक्षर इति स्मृतः ॥

In the Sankhya system, He is described by diverse names, and considered as having Infinity for his Soul. Of various forms and constituting the soul of the universe, He is considered as One and Indestructible.

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Verse 19 View Details

वृतं नैकात्मकं येन कृत्स्नं त्रैलोक्यमात्मना । तथैव बहुरूपत्वाद्विश्वरूप इति स्मृतः ॥

The three worlds of numberless ingredients have been created by Him without help from any source and have been overwhelmed by him. On account of His manifold forins, He is said to be of universal form.

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Verse 20 View Details

एष वै विक्रियापन्नः सृजत्यात्मानमात्मना । अहंकारं महातेजाः प्रजापतिमहंकृतम् ॥

Undergoing changes He creates Himself. Gifted with great energy, He first creates Consciousness and that Great Being called Prajapati endued with Consciousness.

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Verse 21 View Details

अव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तमुत्पन्नं विद्यासर्गं वदन्ति तम् । महान्तं चाप्यहंकारमविद्यासर्गमेव च ॥

The Manifest is created from the Unmanifest. This is called by the learned the Creation of Knowledge. The creation of (Virat) and Consciousness, by Hiranyagarbha, is the Creation of Ignorance.

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Verse 22 View Details

अविधिश्च विधिश्चैव समुत्पन्नौ तथैकतः । विद्याविद्येति विख्याते श्रुतिशास्त्रार्थचिन्तकैः ॥

Allotment of attributes and the destruction thereof, called respectively by the names of Ignorance and Knowledge by persons learned in the Shrutis, then arose, referring to this, that, or the other of the three.

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Verse 23 View Details

भूतसर्गमहंकारात्तृतीयं विद्धि पार्थिव । अहंकारेषु भूतेषु चतुर्थं विद्धि वैकृतम् ॥

Know, O king, that the creation of the elements from Consciousness is the third. In all the kinds of Consciousness is the fourth creation which originates from modification of the third.

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Verse 24 View Details

वायुर्ज्योतिरथाकाशमापोऽथ पृथिवी तथा । शब्दः स्पर्शश्च रूपं च रसो गन्धस्तथैव च ॥

This fourth creation consists of Wind and Light and Ether and Water and Earth, with their properties of sound, touch, form, taste, and scent. arose

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Verse 25 View Details

एवं युगपदुत्पन्नं दशवर्गमसंशयम् । पञ्चमं विद्धि राजेन्द्र भौतिकं सर्गमर्थवत् ॥

This aggregate of ten arose, forsooth, at the same time. The fifth creation, O king, is that which has originated, from combinations of the principal elements.

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Verse 26 View Details

श्रोत्रं त्वक्चक्षुषी जिह्वा घ्राणमेव च पञ्चमम् । वाक्च हस्तौ च पादौ च पायुर्मेढ्रं तथैव च ॥

This comprises the ear, the skin, the eyes, the tongue, and the nose forming the fifth, and speech, and the two hands, and the two legs, and the lower canal, and the organs of generation.

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श्रोत्रं | त्वक् | चक्षुषी | जिह्वा | घ्राणम् | एव | च | पञ्चमम्
वाक् | च | हस्तौ | च | पादौ | च | पायुर् | मेढ्रं | तथा + एव | च

Verse 27 View Details

बुद्धीन्द्रियाणि चैतानि तथा कर्मेन्द्रियाणि च । संभूतानीह युगपन्मनसा सह पार्थिव ॥

The first five of those form the organs of knowledge, and the last five the organs of action. All these, with mind, simultaneously, O king.

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Verse 28 View Details

एषा तत्त्वचतुर्विंशा सर्वाकृतिषु वर्तते । यां ज्ञात्वा नाभिशोचन्ति ब्राह्मणास्तत्त्वदर्शिनः ॥

These form the twenty-four topics that exist in the forms of all living creatures. By understanding these properly. these properly. Brahmanas endued with insight into the truth have never to give way to sorrow.

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Verse 29 View Details

एतद्देहं समाख्यातं त्रैलोक्ये सर्वदेहिषु । वेदितव्यं नरश्रेष्ठ सदेवनरदानवे ॥

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Verse 30 View Details

सयक्षभूतगन्धर्वे सकिंनरमहोरगे । सचारणपिशाचे वै सदेवर्षिनिशाचरे ॥

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स + यक्ष + भूत + गन्धर्व | स + किंनर + महोरग
स + चारण + पिशाच | वै | स + देव + ऋषि + निशाचर

Verse 31 View Details

सदंशकीटमशके सपूतिकृमिमूषके । शुनि श्वपाके वैणेये सचण्डाले सपुल्कसे ॥

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Verse 32 View Details

हस्त्यश्वखरशार्दूले सवृक्षे गवि चैव ह । यच्च मूर्तिमयं किंचित्सर्वत्रैतन्निदर्शनम् ॥

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Verse 33 View Details

जले भुवि तथाकाशे नान्यत्रेति विनिश्चयः । स्थानं देहवतामस्ति इत्येवमनुशुश्रुम ॥

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Verse 34 View Details

कृत्स्नमेतावतस्तात क्षरते व्यक्तसंज्ञकम् । अहन्यहनि भूतात्मा ततः क्षर इति स्मृतः ॥

All these, O sire, included within the class called Manifest, are seen to be destroyed day after day. Hence, all creatures begotten by union of these twenty-four are said to be destructible.

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Verse 35 View Details

एतदक्षरमित्युक्तं क्षरतीदं यथा जगत् । जगन्मोहात्मकं प्राहुरव्यक्तं व्यक्तसंज्ञकम् ॥

This then is the Indestructible. And since the universe, which is made up of Manifest and Unmanifest, is destroyed, therefore, it is said to be Destructible.

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Verse 36 View Details

महांश्चैवाग्रजो नित्यमेतत्क्षरनिदर्शनम् । कथितं ते महाराज यस्मान्नावर्तते पुनः ॥

The Very Being called Mahan who is the first born is always spoken of as an instance of the Destructible. I have now told you, O king, all that you had asked me.

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Verse 37 View Details

पञ्चविंशतिमो विष्णुर्निस्तत्त्वस्तत्त्वसंज्ञकः । तत्त्वसंश्रयणादेतत्तत्त्वमाहुर्मनीषिणः ॥

Above the twenty-four topics already referred to is the twenty-fifth called Vishnu. That Vishnu, on account of the absence of all qualities, is not a topic though as that which permeates all the topics, he has been called so by the wise.

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Verse 38 View Details

यदमूर्त्यसृजद्व्यक्तं तत्तन्मूर्त्यधितिष्ठति । चतुर्विंशतिमो व्यक्तो ह्यमूर्तः पञ्चविंशकः ॥

Since that which is destructible has caused all this that is Manifest, therefore, all this is gifted with form. The twenty-fourth, which is Nature, is said to lord over all this. The twentyfifth, which is Vishnu, is formless and, therefore, cannot be said to lord over the universe.

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Verse 39 View Details

स एव हृदि सर्वासु मूर्तिष्वातिष्ठतेऽऽत्मवान् । चेतयंश्चेतनो नित्यः सर्वमूर्तिरमूर्तिमान् ॥

It is that Unmanifest, which, when endued with body lives in the hearts of all creatures having body. As regards eternal Consciousness, although he is shorn of attributes and without form, yet he assumes all forins.

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Verse 40 View Details

सर्गप्रलयधर्मिण्या असर्गप्रलयात्मकः । गोचरे वर्तते नित्यं निर्गुणो गुणसंज्ञकः ॥

Uniting with Nature which has has the attributes of birth and death, he also assumes the attributes of birth and death. And on account of such union he becomes an object of perception and though in reality shorn of all attributes yet he coines to be invested therewith.

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Verse 41 View Details

एवमेष महानात्मा सर्गप्रलयकोविदः । विकुर्वाणः प्रकृतिमानभिमन्यत्यबुद्धिमान् ॥

It is in this way that the Soul, becoming united with Nature and invested with Ignorance, undergoes changes and becomes conscious of Self.

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Verse 42 View Details

तमःसत्त्वरजोयुक्तस्तासु तास्विह योनिषु । लीयतेऽप्रतिबुद्धत्वादबुद्धजनसेवनात् ॥

Uniting with the qualities of Goodness, Darkness and Ignorance, he becomes at one with various creatures belonging to various orders of Being, on account of his forgetfulness and his waiting upon Ignorance.

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तमस् + सत्त्व + रजस् + युज् + तद् | तद् + इह | योनिषु
लीयते | अप्रतिबुद्ध + त्व | अबुद्ध + जन + सेवन

Verse 43 View Details

सहवासो निवासात्मा नान्योऽहमिति मन्यते । योऽहं सोऽहमिति ह्युक्त्वा गुणाननु निवर्तते ॥

On account of his birth and death originating from the fact of living in union with Nature, he thinks himself to be no other than what he apparently is, Knowing himself as this or that, he follows the qualities of Goodness, Darkness and Ignorance.

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सहवासो | निवास + आत्मन् | न + अन्य | ऽहम् | इति | मन्यते
यो | ऽहं | सो | ऽहम् | इति | हि + वच् | गुणान् | अनु | निवर्तते

Verse 44 View Details

तमसा तामसान्भावान्विविधान्प्रतिपद्यते । रजसा राजसांश्चैव सात्त्विकान्सत्त्वसंश्रयात् ॥

Under the influence of Ignorance, he comes by various kinds of conditions which are affected by Ignorance. Under the influences of Darkness and Goodness he attains likewise to conditions which are affected by Darkness and Goodness.

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Verse 45 View Details

शुक्ललोहितकृष्णानि रूपाण्येतानि त्रीणि तु । सर्वाण्येतानि रूपाणि जानीहि प्राकृतानि वै ॥

There are three colours in all viz., White, Red, and Dark. All those colours belong to Nature.

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Verse 46 View Details

तामसा निरयं यान्ति राजसा मानुषांस्तथा । सात्त्विका देवलोकाय गच्छन्ति सुखभागिनः ॥

Through Ignorance one goes to hell. Through Darkness one attains to the status of humanity. Through Goodness people ascend to the regions of the gods and partake of great happiness.

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Verse 47 View Details

निष्कैवल्येन पापेन तिर्यग्योनिमवाप्नुयात् । पुण्यपापेन मानुष्यं पुण्येनैकेन देवताः ॥

By sticking to sin continuously one sinks into the intermediate order of beings. By acting both virtuously and sinfully one comes by the status of humanity. By acting only righteously, one attains to the status of the gods.

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Verse 48 View Details

एवमव्यक्तविषयं क्षरमाहुर्मनीषिणः । पञ्चविंशतिमो योऽयं ज्ञानादेव प्रवर्तते ॥

In this way the twenty-fifth, viz., (the Indestructible), the wise say, by union with the unmanifest, becomes changed into (destructible). By means of knowledge, however, the Indestructible appears in His true nature.

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Chapter 12.291

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